Venkatesh to Freakonomics: “The Matter is Closed”
Posted on December 6th, 2012 in Uncategorized | 17 Comments »
Sudhir Venkatesh, the Columbia “rogue sociologist” and subject of a recent NYT profile which suggested that he’d been playing fast and loose with Columbia’s money, has responded to the Freakonomics blog, where he has been a contributor.
His answer continues the argument he outlined in an earlier statement to a Columbia student blog: He’s the real victim here.
It is troubling to me that old documents are being leaked now. My life and my work has [sic] been about transparency and I have absolutely nothing to hide.
That’s not quite true. Venkatesh declined to answer the Times’ questions about numerous specific issues in Columbia’s audit—about, for example, $33, 000 in $100 grants to unidentified interview subjects. He probably has his reasons for not talking to the Times, and they may be perfectly justifiable ones, but you don’t get to stonewall reporters and then tout your commitment to transparency.
Venkatesh volunteers that he repaid some $13, 000 for matters in which “my own recordkeeping did not meet these new standards.” (Poor fellow; he’s the victim of new standards.)
But if you read the Times profile—car services to a building that houses a nail salon, a $9,000 payment to a collaborator that Venkatesh appears to have simply pocketed, etc.—the issue doesn’t seem to be sloppy record-keeping, but the appropriation of funds for personal use.
Venkatesh also says—well, implies, really—that the concerns were raised because of an audit that he requested and that, if you don’t believe him, then bear this in mind:
I have subsequently worked extensively with the FBI — which, as you might imagine, conducted a comprehensive financial background check on me before my work with them began.
Venkatesh is clearly no fool, and that’s a fascinating sentence. Does the FBI really conduct a “comprehensive financial background check” on every academic whom it hires as a consultant? I have no idea. In any event, would a hushed-up university audit, which surely never involved criminal charges, be turned up by the FBI in such a background check? I don’t know that either. But the implication of the statement is clear: Imagine that there was a “comprehensive” background check. Would the FBI have hired me if I wasn’t clean as a whistle?
It’s also worth noting that this chronology flatly contradicts what Venkatesh told Columbia’s BWOG; in that statement, he said that any financial mishaps were due to the fact that he was so busy working for both Columbia and the FBI.
Was I a good bookkeeper? Not by any stretch. I was overwhelmed, I was working both at Columbia and at the FBI, and I struggled to keep up. So ethically, I felt it important to return approximately $13,000 for which there was inadequate documentation. I then took a partial leave to deepen my work at the FBI.
(Again with the bookkeeping…..)
The contradiction suggests that Venkatesh was already working for the FBI when issues about his finances arose, and so any financial background check that was conducted likely occurred before Columbia’s audit. Which, if true, would make his statement to Freakonomics not only meaningless, but dishonest.
So go back and read that original sentence as a lawyer might—because it sounds like a lawyer wrote it:
“I have subsequently worked extensively with the FBI — which, as you might imagine, conducted a comprehensive financial background check on me before my work with them began.”
Which means that before he was working “extensively” with the FBI, Venkatesh was working a little bit with the agency, and before he was working with them a little bit, they did a background check.
In other words, if you read the sentence incredibly carefully, it’s literally correct—but carefully crafted to convey the impression that that background check occurred only when Venkatesh began his “extensive” work with the FBI.
That’s not really so transparent, is it?
Some might say that this is much ado about nothing, a tempest in a teapot. After all, it’s an internal university matter. Right?
I don’t think so. First, who knows whether any of the monies involved came from public funds? Second, some of the money is almost surely partly paid by student tuition, which goes up and up and up in part to pay the inflated salaries of celebrity academics such as Venkatesh. Third, Venkatesh is a public figure, a pop phenomenon. He is, in that sense, an ambassador from the academic community to the outside world; his integrity matters. And fourth, his work is influential. If there’s anything sketchy about it, that’s important to know. Venkatesh is a powerful person writing about the powerless; it’s my faith that, under those circumstances, you have a particular responsibility to be scrupulously honest.
(Stephen Glass used to write about powerless minorities as well, you may recall.)
That’s a point that the Times article raised, but perhaps not in the depth it could have; one certainly got the impression that lots of Venkatesh’s colleagues in the field have deep misgivings about his work. (Venkatesh allies call it envy, which is, to be fair, not unheard-of in academia.)
Without explicitly mentioning it, Venkatesh does respond to one particular Times’ assertion—the idea that he may fudge or invent quotes from the pseudonymous gang members, drug dealers and prostitutes who populate his work.
The University prohibits me from using real names, so third-party validation is difficult to achieve. So, in practice, I work in teams, where many people can discuss what we all saw. I’ve collaborated with students and faculty in all of my research — with gangs, sex workers, public housing residents, etc.
A question about this, and a suggestion.
The question is this: Does Columbia really prohibit its professors—or sociologists, or just Venkatesh—from using real names in his writing?
If so, that’s pretty silly. It’s an invitation to make stuff up. (Who could prove you did it? No one. I doubt the gang leaders are going to file a complaint.) Why would sociologists be compelled not to use real names, and not historians, political scientists, economists and the like?
And here’s the suggestion: This statement doesn’t actually establish what Venkatesh wants it to—his trustworthiness.
Here’s why. While Venkatesh may well collaborate with students and faculty in his work, from all I can tell he doesn’t collaborate with them in his field work: He’s the only one out there in the projects, on the streets, hanging out with the Damon Runyon-esque characters of our era. (That’s what “rogue sociologists” do! They work alone!)
So if Venkatesh is making up quotes, or indeed whole characters, none of his “collaborators” would have any way of knowing that. When he says that he helped drag a gang lieutenant to safety in the midst of a blazing gun battle, or participated in the beating of a violent crackhead, his “collaborators” weren’t there, were they?
Which is to say, Venkatesh’s suggestion that his “collaborations” are proof of his veracity is so meaningless yet so carefully constructed, it makes one think that he is, frankly, lying.
As does Venkatesh’s overall approach to dealing with the Times story: through painstakingly crafted statements to blogs that allow for no questioning and, on close reading, seem to blur the lines of honesty and accuracy.
Sudhir Venkatesh has devoted his career to asking questions of other people and writing about their answers. He’s done very well by that. So why not let someone do the same with him?
17 Responses
12/6/2024 10:35 am
It is interesting to ponder the ability of private institutions-universities, businesses-to put the lid on scandals of this sort. One reason that government is held in such low esteem is that it has to come clean in such matters in ways that private organizations don’t.
Thanks for keeping on this story.
12/6/2024 3:36 pm
What’s most intriguing about this scandal is Venkatesh’s efforts to deflect blame upon previous administrators of ISERP, one of whom was a good friend and close colleague of his within the Sociology department, Peter Bearman.
Bearman was the founding director of ISERP, and served in that capacity from 2000-2008 according to his CV. He did so again in 2011 - presumably in the wake of the university audit that forced Venkatesh out of ISERP in search of greener pastures with the FBI.
http://sociology.columbia.edu/files/sociology/bearmancvsept2012.doc
Without the staunch support of Bearman as ISERP’s previous long-time administrator, it is very unlikely that Venkatesh could have ever assumed the Directorship position. And his decidedly messy departure must have no doubt incurred serious blowback upon Bearman , who had brought in a substantial amount of government grant money to Columbia via a $2.5 million award from the NIH to study autism.
I’m no lawyer, but even the suggestion that government grant money may have been miss-appropriated for personal use by the very Institute responsible for managing it would have been serious stuff for Columbia to contend with.
What’s even more curious is that all mention of Peter Bearman has been scrubbed from the ISERP website, with his grant money now being tied to a separate university entity with acronym INCITE that was founded in 2012:
http://incite.columbia.edu/
Whether Bearman tried to cover for Venkatesh after his departure, or was the one who actually squealed on him remains to be seen. In 2007-08, he did serve as Chair of the Statistics Department, where recent Venkatesh criticic Andrew Gelman currently works:
http://andrewgelman.com/2012/12/241364-83-13000-228364-83/
In any case, these strange non-admissions of guilt by Venkatesh, seem only to provoke further intrigue about possible transgressions he may have great incentive to hide.
12/6/2024 4:03 pm
My favorite stories on this blog are one like this. You use your formidable training in journalism and editing to carefully parse a statement and search out what someone is really saying and not saying. And I love that when you get interested in a certain story, you don’t let it go. Great stuff!
12/6/2024 5:03 pm
Thanks, GFM. Appreciate that. As far as not letting go—what I’m more surprised by is that more people don’t dig in. It’s such an interesting story! And as good as the Times piece was, it left a lot of questions unanswered. But other than me and a couple other blogs, no one seems to be writing about it.
Dunno, maybe I’ll do a book.
12/6/2024 8:37 pm
Yes, nicely done and keep at it, Richard. I’m with GFM.
12/6/2024 8:44 pm
I worked with Venkatesh years ago. While the guy was very charismatic, he had a sort of creepy and subtle way of appropriating students’ labors as his own. Overall I felt his main skill was in leaving a wide trail of ambiguity as to whether he did something “wrong” or not.
12/6/2024 10:13 pm
While I was hoping you’d write a book on Buddy Fletcher
12/7/2024 4:41 am
Compare sometime the story of “Booty” from Freakonomics with that of “T-Bone” from Gang Leader For A Day. For two tellings of what is supposed to be the same nonfictional story (how V. came to be in possession of ledgers from a drug operation), they are actually quite discrepant, with Booty getting killed by his gang and T-Bone dying a hero in prison.
12/7/2024 8:54 am
The way the NYT story is written certainly makes it seem that grant money (though foundation, not federal) was misappropriated or misused:
—
And $8,911 that Professor Venkatesh was supposed to pay to a colleague for a study they collaborated on somehow failed to make it into that colleague’s account. Professor Venkatesh told auditors the colleague had failed to do the work, a claim that auditors determined to be untrue. (A spokesman for the Carnegie Corporation, which financed the study, said it had not been informed of the dispute.)
—
Universities rely on grant funding - and, given that this incident reached the attention of the auditors, raises the question of how the university responded in light of this finding, as well as whether Carnegie will pursue action in light of the audit.
12/9/2024 5:53 pm
[…] More here (from Jeremy Freese) and here (from Richard […]
12/9/2024 9:54 pm
Mr. Bradley, I loved your thought-provoking and eloquent manner in which you unravelled the statement: I have subsequently worked extensively with the FBI…
Venkatesh must not have heard about Robert Hanssen. Working for the FBI does not make one perfect.
After watching the conversation on vera.org, I had to laugh. Just imagine this phone call:
Mueller: Hey Sudhir. This is Robert, the Director of the FBI. I’ve heard a lot of great things about you from a few friends of mine at Columbia. You know, when it comes to gang research - our officers, our staff, we do a lot of that, but we don’t know a lot about it. Would you be interested in doing some consulting work for us on the side?
Venkatesh: Yes, of course. It will be a pleasure to work for you. When do you want me to start?
Mueller: Oh, in about 10 months, after we complete your comprehensive background check.
I doubt the FBI put Venkatesh through that since he was already a powerful leader at an elite educational institution.
—————————————————————————————-
If you do start writing that book, perhaps the following details might be of interest. Why did the Columbia administrators give Venkatesh only a slap on the wrist? I believe it’s because of a form of brotherhood:
1. Sudhir Venkatesh - Ph.D. from the University of Chicago (dates are hard to find, but I’m guessing around ’88)
2. William Julius Wilson, Venkatesh’s mentor and Professor at the University of Chicago from ’72 to ’98. Wilson was recognized by Time magazine in ’96, as one of America’s 25 Most Influential People. So, clearly people listen to this guy.
3. Nicholas B. Dirks, Exec. VP for the Arts & Sciences at Columbia - Ph.D. from the University of Chicago ’81.
4. John H. Coatsworth, Provost of Columbia - was a member of the faculty at the University of Chicago ’69 to ’92.
A few other top Columbia administrators are connected to the FBI Director because of Princeton or The Council on Foreign Relations.
——————————————————————————————
Here’s another interesting bit of info:
In an article on thedaily.com, Venkatesh mentions, “From a very young age, the elite are taught that rules are products of negotiation, rather than absolute edicts to be obeyed without question…As they grow up, the children of the elite are taught to keep looking at the law as a negotiation in which no one is entirely right or wrong; learn to shape the outcome, rather than wait until someone decides your fate.”
Hmm. Venkatesh was raised in an upper-middle-class home in SoCal. It makes sense that someone who studies social dynamics knows how to use the power of negotiation and charm to get what he wants.
Hopefully, many more people will come to see him not as the Columbia “rogue sociologist”, but as the Columbia rogue.
12/10/2024 10:56 pm
Venkatesh: “The University prohibits me from using real names, so third-party validation is difficult to achieve. So, in practice, I work in teams, where many people can discuss what we all saw. I’ve collaborated with students and faculty in all of my research — with gangs, sex workers, public housing residents, etc.
Bradley “The question is this: Does Columbia really prohibit its professors—or sociologists, or just Venkatesh—from using real names in his writing?”
Yes, Columbia (and virtually any university whose faculty does research) effectively prevents researchers — not just enthnographers ala Venkatesh — from reporting the names of living respondents from whom they collect data. See Title 45 of the federal regulations. See also Columbia’s Institutional Review Board website.
A lot of journalism wouldn’t pass IRB review.
12/10/2024 11:57 pm
Bradley you hit the nail on the head here. You uncovered the uncomfortable, difficult to identify sneakiness of venkateshs use of language. Brilliant yes, hiding something? Probably also yes and you do an excellent job of showing us the how! Thank you!
12/11/2023 12:09 am
Well in the case of his three monographs, and the stories contained therein, which have figured prominently in the cultivation of his media mythology - i.e. American Project, Off the Books, and Gang Leader for a Day - I’m not aware of any teams that he collaborated with for that research. As far as I’m aware, all of those stories came from fieldwork he conducted as a graduate student during the 1990’s.
The prostitution studies that he conducted with Alexandra Murphy and Eva Rosen,, however, are a different matter . . .
12/11/2023 9:58 am
Something that has puzzled me throughout this discussion relates to these lines from the NYT:
**Cash payments, of $100 each to research subjects who could not be identified, totaled $33,000. Payments totaling $52,328 to the subject of one of his documentaries were for what auditors called “fabricated business purposes.”
I read that sentence to mean that there is a person who is the subject of a documentary. And based on the description of this site:
http://www.sudhirvenkatesh.org/documentariesfilms/current-projects
there’s only one documentary focusing on a person - a woman named Dot. Dot is also mentioned in a story on the Freakonomics website:
http://www.freakonomics.com/2008/03/18/how-glam-is-the-high-end-ask-a-sex-worker/
—
Dorothy is 55, African-American, and lives in Chicago. “Dot” was a subject of my documentary (see my website). Although she was never a prostitute, she knows the streets and hotels of Chicago, and she has helped me to interview over 250 women.
—
So from all this, it reads as if Venkatesh paid $50K to a subject of one of his documentaries, a payment (or set of payments) auditors found to be for “fabricated business purposes.”
12/11/2023 2:56 pm
This case is curiouser and curiouser, and I am reading the post above about the $50K to an individual after reading in the NYT today about the dean at St Johns U in Queens who raised lots of money but also was routinely having sums just under the $10K gotta-tell-the-feds limit wired to her casino suite at Foxwoods. Hard to see how this can have gone on for so long. Don’t these places have gossips like normal universities, or are they rotten all the way up the chain of command?
12/11/2023 7:23 pm
Shooting for both his 1st documentary and the sex work research date to 2002-2005, when Alexandra Murphy and Eva Rosen were Venkatesh’s students / employees, and shooting for his second documentary on Georgian activists was completed in 2006-2007. So it’s not clear how his management of ISERP finances in 2010-2011 were at all connected to the work he conducted many years prior . . .
The person who is most qualified to speak on the nature of Venkatesh’s finances while at ISERP would be Amira Ibrahim, who served as Assistant Director there from Dec 2006 - Sep 2010. Her tenure overlaps with both Bearman’s and Venkatesh’s stewardship, but it’s not clear whether she was a source for Kaminer’s article:
http://www.linkedin.com/pub/amira-ibrahim/38/51/a4
Whether it was Venkatesh’s questionable use of ISERP funds that precipitated her departure from ISERP in Sep 2010, or her very departure from ISERP that precipitated Venkatesh’s questionable use of funds is unclear. Ibrahim’s departure may have also occurred for entirely unrelated reasons . . .